
The Gift Tradition in Russia
What is Given on Russian Holidays
The gift tradition in Russia is very strong. It highlights a culture that is based on communal values, where society, friends and family are very important, and where one’s individual interests do not necessarily come first. As Russians like to say: “One is not a soldier on the battlefield.” In Russia, family is not simply the nuclear family of parents and children, but a much larger network of relatives. Family members all gather together for every holiday or important occasion. This is especially true of New Year’s.
In Russia, whenever someone travels overseas, family, friends and sometimes even co-workers expect that person to bring back presents. This likely stems from the Soviet era, when very few people had the wherewithal and freedom to travel outside the USSR. Thus, whenever someone went abroad, friends and acquaintances expected to hear stories of travel and to receive small presents and the story behind them.
There are many souvenirs and gifts that a traveler to Russia can bring back for friends or family at home. These include folk crafts ranging from small matryoshka dolls (available in a wide range of sizes and varieties, including with the faces of the Soviet General Secretaries and Russian Presidents) to more upscale items like Gzhel, Khokhloma, Faberge egg replicas, brooches, lacquer boxes, enameled jewelry, shawls and porcelain. High quality vodka or wine is also considered to be an appropriate gift in Russia.
Most holidays are celebrated at home; it is not customary to go to restaurants. Everyone gathers around the dining table, filled to overflowing with traditional dishes and deserts prepared by the women in attendance. The meal typically stretches throughout the evening and is peppered with toasts, jokes and anecdotes, sometimes a combination of all three! Some traditional dishes you would expect to find on the table include vinaigrette salad, Salad Olivier, fish aspic, kulebyaka, golubtsy and pelmeni.
After the meal, there may be dancing (especially at weddings or New Year’s) or going out into the city or for a picnic (in the case of Victory Day or International Women’s Day). On some holidays, many people like to visit museums and theaters.
The tradition of giving flowers as a gift is very widespread. Flowers can be given on any occasion (or even without any occasion) to a mother, wife, girlfriend, coworker or friend. From earliest childhood, Russian boys are taught the importance of giving flowers.
Holidays by Month
These are the most important Russian holidays and some ideas of gifts that can be presented for them (click on the month to show holidays for that month).
JANUARY
New Year’s: Still the most important holiday of the year, it is celebrated starting on December 31 and stretches until January 13 - “The Old New Year” (according to the old Julian calendar). Gift suggestions: Anyone coming to a New Year’s celebration must bring flowers as well as candy or cake. Traditional gifts might also include toys for kids (like matryoshka dolls or Russian fairy tales) and jewelry for women. More modern gifts might include recent DVDs, CDs, books and collectibles, jewelry, linens/dishes, food, crafts/arts, souvenirs and flowers. A present of a special Christmas/New Year’s tree decoration is also a good idea.- Hanukkah: Children like to eat chocolate gelt (chocolate money covered in gold paper) and play with dreidels. Some families exchange small gifts on each of the eight days. Gift suggestions: chocolate, candles, books. Hanukkah in 2005 begins on December 26.
- Christmas: Christmas can be celebrated either in the Western Style, on December 24/25 or according to the Old Style calendar, on January 6/7. It begins with the Holy Supper on Christmas Eve, meant to be a time of celebration of the birth of Jesus. Often, families will go to a midnight service between 12 and 3 am. Gift suggestions: See New Year’s above.
- Tatyana’s Day: Celebrated on January 25, this is a day to celebrate students. Gift suggestions: cool planners, music the student likes, good books.
FEBRUARY
- Protectors of the Motherland Day: This holiday is celebrated on February 23. It used to be called Day of the Soviet Army. Since most all Russian males served in the military, this day has become a time to celebrate all Russian males - something of a less enthusiastic counterpart to International Women’s Day. Gift suggestions: It is common for Russian wives and daughters to give brothers, boyfriends, fathers and friends “masculine” presents such as perfume, wallets or ties.
MARCH
- International Women’s Day: This is a big one. Celebrated on March 8, this day is a celebration of all Russia’s women, no matter their age or family status. Although it is more customary for older women (wives, mothers, co-workers) to receive presents on this day, young girls often also can receive gifts and cards from classmates. Gift suggestions: Traditional gifts include flowers, jewelry, candy and other “feminine” gifts.
APRIL
Easter: This, the most important holiday in the Christian church year, has once again become an important celebration in Russian life. In the Orthodox tradition, Russians will bake kulichi (special Easter cakes) and paint eggs. Date varies, depending on the cycles of the moon, etc. In 2006, Russian Easter will be celebrated on April 23. Gift suggestions: Simple gifts are best for this holiday - chocolate eggs, books, a nice cake.
MAY
- Spring and Labor Day: During the Soviet era, May 1 was a communist holiday (International Worker’s Solidarity Day), celebrating “the glory of the working class.” Ideology aside, since the holiday was “state sponsored,” it was done on a grand scale and became a rite of spring, celebrated with fireworks, picnics, strolls in parks and throughout cities. Today, although the ideological aspect has evaporated, the holiday is still fiercely protected. Today, it represents spring and the joy and energy associated with the end of winter. Gift suggestions: flowers, candy, anything fresh and spring-like.
- Victory Day: A revered day in the Russian tradition, May 9 is a day to celebrate the Victory over Fascism in World War II. Admittedly, this day has become less “big” in recent years, with the slow passing of the generation that fought in the war, but that does not lessen its significance. It is always a good time to honor those who have served. Gift suggestions: books, a nice bottle of wine.
JUNE
- International Children's Day: Celebrated June 1, this is a wonderful excuse to give gifts to your children, friends’ children, etc. Gift suggestions: toys, candy, books.
- Youth Day: Another day (June 27) to celebrate children, but usually older children. Not widely celebrated, but then if you are looking for an excuse for gift giving in summer, this might fit the bill. Gift suggestions: books, CDs, DVDs, gift certificates.
JULY
- Independence Day: Celebrated on July 12 to mark the independence and founding of modern Russia. Not normally seen as a time for gift giving.
SEPTEMBER
- Day of Knowledge: The first day of school, September 1, is a day that, all across Russia, celebrates teachers and the value placed on education. It is considered de rigeur to give your child’s teacher a gift. Gift suggestions: flowers, candy, books.
- Vera, Nadezhda and Lyubov Day: If you know a woman by this name, September 30 is a day to honor the Veras, Nadyas and Lyubas in Russia. Gift suggestions: See International Women’s Day, March 8.
NOVEMBER
- People’s Unity Day: Through a rather convoluted history, this holiday - celebrated November 4 - is what remains of the communist-era holiday to celebrate the “Great October Revolution” on November 7. It is not normally seen as a time for gift giving.
- Mother’s Day: The last Sunday of November (in 2005, that is November 27) is “officially” Mother’s Day in Russia. It is not widely known or celebrated, but what better way to ingratiate yourself with a mother-in-law or mother than to raise up a little-known holiday in her honor? Gift suggestions: flowers, candy, anything mom likes.
DECEMBER
- Hanukkah: Children like to eat chocolate gelt (chocolate money covered in gold paper) and play with dreidels. Some families exchange small gifts on each of the eight days. Gift suggestions: chocolate, candles, books. Hanukkah in 2005 begins on December 26.
- Christmas: Christmas can be celebrated either in the Western Style, on December 24/25 or according to the Old Style calendar, on January 6/7. It begins with the Holy Supper on Christmas Eve, meant to be a time of celebration of the birth of Jesus. Often, families will go to a midnight service between 12 and 3 am. Gift suggestions: See New Year’s above.

Professional Holidays
In Soviet times, a number of “special days” were created to celebrate certain notable professions. If you know someone in these professions, it would be considered a very astute (although also quite unexpected) gesture if you presented them with a small token gift on “their day”:
- January 12: Prosecutorial Worker’s Day
- January 13: Russian Press Day
- January 21: Army Engineer Day
- February 8: Day of Russian Science
- March 26: Day of the Interior Ministry
- April 30: Day of the Firefighter
- May 24: Day of Slavic Letters and Culture
- May 27: All-Russian Library Day (Librarians)
- May 28: Border Guard Day
- July 9: Day of the Russian Mail
- August 2: Paratroopers Day
- August 6: Day of the Railway Army
- August 9: Air Forces Day
- Third Sunday of August, Day of the Air Fleet of Russia
- October 25: Customs Officer Day
- November 10: Militia Day
- December 17, Strategic Rocket Forces Day
- December 20, Security/Intelligence Workers’ Day
- December 27, Rescue Worker Day

Other Orthodox Holidays:
There are many Orthodox Holidays throughout the year. In addition to those noted above, here are some others that have fixed dates from year to year:
- January 19: Baptism of the Christ
- April 7: Annunciation
- July 7: Ivan Kupalo Day
- July 12: St. Peter and Paul Day
- August 2: Ilyin Day
- August 14: Spasov Day
- August 19: Transfiguration of the Christ
- October 14: Intercession of the Virgin
- August 28: Assumption of the Virgin
- September 11: Assassination of John the Baptist
- September 21: Nativity of the Virgin
- September 27: Elevation of the Christ Cross
- November 1: All Saints Day
- December 4: Introduction of the Virgin Mary to the Temple
Some Orthodox holidays change from year to year. These are shown below, with their dates for 2007:
- February 12: Maslenitsa begins
- February 19: Lent Begins
- April 1: Palm Sunday
- April 5: Good Friday
- April 8: Easter Sunday
- May 17: Ascension
- May 27: Trinity Day/Pentecost

Personal Russian Gift Giving Occasions
- Birthdays
- Birth of a baby
- Weddings and wedding anniversaries
- Graduations
- House warming
- Get well soon





